MYSQL replaces the time (year, month, day) field with unchanged hours, minutes, and seconds. Example analysis

update sas_order_supply_month_pay set 
RECEIVE_TIME=REPLACE(RECEIVE_TIME,DATE_FORMAT(RECEIVE_TIME,'%Y-%m-%d'),(select PERIOD_END from sas_task_supply_month_pay_period where belong='1729' 
and CREATE_TIME like '%2017-07-12%')) where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115';

update sas_order_supply_month_pay set 
RECEIVE_TIME = ADDTIME ((select PERIOD_END from sas_task_supply_month_pay_period where belong='1729' 
and CREATE_TIME like '%2017-07-12%')+interval 0 hour,time(RECEIVE_TIME)) where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115';

update sas_order_supply_month_pay set 
RECEIVE_TIME = concat((select PERIOD_END from sas_task_supply_month_pay_period where belong='1729' 
and CREATE_TIME like '%2017-07-12%'),' ',DATE_FORMAT(RECEIVE_TIME,'%H:%i:%S')) where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115';

The format of the RECEIVE_TIME field in the as_order_supply_month_pay table is "2017-06-16 12:13:16", and the format of the PERIOD_END field in the sas_task_supply_month_pay_period table is "2017-07-12",

update sas_order_supply_month_pay set 
RECEIVE_TIME = DATE_FORMAT(concat((select PERIOD_END from sas_task_supply_month_pay_period where belong='1729' 
and CREATE_TIME like '%2017-07-12%'),' ',(select DATE_FORMAT(RECEIVE_TIME,'%H:%i:%S') from sas_order_supply_month_pay 
where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115')),"yyyy-MM-dd %H:%i:%S") where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115';

[Err] 1093 - You can't specify target table 'sas_order_supply_month_pay' for update in FROM clause

(select DATE_FORMAT(RECEIVE_TIME,'%H:%i:%S') from sas_order_supply_month_pay where ORDER_CODE='PO201707130115')