MySQL tutorial on how to deploy multiple instances on a single machine using mysqld_multi
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Preface Everyone should have realized that with the development of hardware, multi-core Linux systems have become a general trend, and MySQL is a single-process multi-threaded system, so its inherent utilization of multi-process is not very high. Although version 5.6 has made a lot of improvements in this regard, it has not reached 100%. Therefore, in order to make full use of system resources, MySQL has its own supplement, which is to deploy multiple instances, one instance per port. mysqld_multi is designed to manage multiple mysqld processes running on the same machine, with each process using different socket files and listening on different ports. mysqld_multi can start, shut down, or report the status of these mysqld processes in batches. Without further ado, let’s take a look at the detailed introduction. 1. MySQL compilation and installation:cd /usr/local/src wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql cd /usr/local/mysql useradd mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld 2. Prepare the first multi-instance 33072.1 Create a directory: mkdir /usr/local/mysql3307 chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3307/ mkdir -p /data/mysql3307 chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3307 mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3307/binlog chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3307 2.2 Configuration File [root@zhdya01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during installation, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log [mysqld1] socket = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.pid datadir = /data/mysql3307 log_bin=/home/data/mysql3307/binlog server-id = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 2.3 Initialize the database /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3307 3. Prepare the second multi-instance 33083.1 Create a directory: mkdir /usr/local/mysql3308 chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3308/ mkdir -p /data/mysql3308 chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql3308 mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3308/binlog chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3308 3.2 Configuration File [root@zhdya01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the # *** default location during installation, and will be replaced if you # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL. [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log [mysqld1] socket = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.pid datadir = /data/mysql3307 log_bin=/home/data/mysql3307/binlog server-id = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 [mysqld2] socket = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.sock port = 3308 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.pid datadir = /data/mysql3308 log_bin=/home/data/mysql3308/binlog server-id = 2 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0 3.3 Initialize the database /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3308 4. Start multiple instances/etc/init.d/mysqld start mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf start 1,2 [root@zhdya01 bin]# !net netstat -lntp -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1241/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2087/master tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4406/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 4197/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::3308 :::* LISTEN 3359/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 2222/java tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1241/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2087/master 5. Check the startup status[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running 6. Stop multiple instances[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf stop 1,2 [root@zhdya01 bin]# mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf report Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running 7. Log in to the MySQL instance separately[root@zhdya01 bin]# mysql --socket=/usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.35-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> Summarize The above is the full content of this article. 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