Detailed explanation of the use of grid properties in CSS

Detailed explanation of the use of grid properties in CSS

Grid layout

Attributes added to the parent element

grid-template-columns/grid-template-rows

  • Defines the width and height of a row or column of elements
  • If the parent element is divided into 9 equal parts, then no matter how many child elements there are, they will all be displayed in 9 equal parts.
  • grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%; can be written as grid-template-columns:repeat(3, 33%);
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}
.container1 {
  grid-template-columns: 33% 33% 33%;
  grid-template-rows: 33% 33% 33%;
}

grid-template-areas

  • The grid-template-areas of the parent element and the grid-area of ​​the child element define the grid area
  • A period represents an empty grid cell.
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}
.container2 {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-areas: "header header . footer"
    "main main . sidebar"
    "main main . sidebar";
}

.container2 .item-1 {
  grid-area: header;
}

.container2 .item-2 {
  grid-area: main;
}

.container2 .item-3 {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

.container2 .item-4 {
  grid-area: footer;
}
<div class="container container2">
  <div class="item item-1">header</div>
  <div class="item item-2">main</div>
  <div class="item item-3">sidebar</div>
  <div class="item item-4">footer</div>
</div>

grid-column-gap/grid-row-gap/grip-gap

  • Refers to the size of the grid lines, or the spacing between grid items.
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}
.container3 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 30%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(3, 30%);
  grid-column-gap: 2%;
  grid-row-gap: 2%;
}
<div class="container container3">
  <div class="item item-1"></div>
  <div class="item item-2"></div>
  <div class="item item-3"></div>
  <div class="item item-4"></div>
  <div class="item item-5"></div>
  <div class="item item-6"></div>
  <div class="item item-7"></div>
  <div class="item item-8"></div>
  <div class="item item-9"></div>
</div>

justify-items/align-itemsjustify-items

  • Align the content of the child element with the vertical column axis
  • align-items aligns the content of the child element with the horizontal row axis
  • Both attributes have four values
  • In my example, I nested the grid for easy comparison.
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}

.container4 {
  width: 400px;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container4 .item {
  display: grid;
}
.container4 .item div {
  background-color: coral;
  border: 1px dashed #aaa
}
.container4 .item-1 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  justify-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-2 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  justify-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-3 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  justify-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-4 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  justify-items: stretch;
}
.container4 .item-5 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  align-items: start;
}
.container4 .item-6 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  align-items: end;
}
.container4 .item-7 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  align-items: center;
}
.container4 .item-8 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 50%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
  align-items: stretch;
}
<div class="container container4">
  <div class="item item-1">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-2">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-3">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-4">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-5">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-6">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-7">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-8">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>

justify-content/align-content

  • Set the alignment of the child element. justify means vertical and align means horizontal
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}

.container5 {
  width: 700px;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(7, 14%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}

.container5 .item {
  display: grid;
}

.container5 .item div {
  background-color: coral;
  border: 1px dashed #aaa
}

.container5 .item-1 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: start;
}

.container5 .item-2 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: end;
}

.container5 .item-3 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: center;
}

.container5 .item-4 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: stretch;
}

.container5 .item-5 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: space-around;
}

.container5 .item-6 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.container5 .item-7 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  justify-content: space-evenly;
}

.container5 .item-8 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: start;
}

.container5 .item-9 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: end;
}

.container5 .item-10 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: center;
}

.container5 .item-11 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: stretch;
}

.container5 .item-12 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: space-around;
}

.container5 .item-13 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: space-between;
}

.container5 .item-14 {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 40%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 40%);
  align-content: space-evenly;
}
<div class="container container5">
  <div class="item item-1">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-2">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-3">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-4">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-5">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-6">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-7">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-8">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-9">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-10">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-11">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-12">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-13">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
  <div class="item item-14">
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
    <div>list</div>
  </div>
</div>

grid-auto-columns/grid-auto-rowsgrid-column

  • If the value is in the form of 1/2, it means that the grid starts from the first column and ends at the second column. If the grid defined by this attribute exceeds the range of the parent element, an implicit grid will be automatically generated.
  • The grid-auto-columns and grid-auto-rows properties are used to specify the width of these implicit grid tracks.
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}

.container6 {
  width: 120px;
  height: 180px;
  grid-template-columns: 60px 60px;
  grid-template-rows: 90px 90px;
  grid-auto-columns: 60px;
}
.container6 .item-1 {
  grid-column: 1 / 2;
  grid-row: 2 / 3;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
.container6 .item-2 {
  grid-column: 5 / 6;
  grid-row: 2 / 3;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
<div class="container container6">
  <div class="item-1">1/2&2/3</div>
  <div class="item-2">5/6&2/3</div>
</div>

grid-auto-flow

  • Automatically arrange when there are no grid elements
  • row means from left to right, column means from top to bottom
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}

.container7 {
  display: grid;
  width: 200px;
  height: 40px;
  grid-template-columns: 40px 40px 40px 40px 40px;
  grid-template-rows: 40px 40px;
  /* grid-auto-flow: row; */
  grid-auto-flow: column;
}
.container7 .item-1 {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
}

.container7 .item-5 {
  grid-column: 5;
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
}
<div class="container container7">
  <div class="item item-1">1</div>
  <div class="item item-2">2</div>
  <div class="item item-3">3</div>
  <div class="item item-4">4</div>
  <div class="item item-5">5</div>
</div>

Attributes added to child elements

grid-column-start/grid-column-end/grid-row-start/grid-row-end/grid-column/grid-row

  • Defines where the grid starts or ends
  • The value is a number, indicating the start of the line. The value is span plus a number, indicating that the position of this line is covered
.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}

.container8 {
  margin-top: 20px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 20%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(5, 20%);
}
.container8 .item-1 {
  grid-column-start: 2;
  grid-column-end: 4;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 2;
}
.container8 .item-2 {
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-column-end: span 5;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-row-end: span 5;
}
.container8 .item-3 {
  grid-column: 1 / span 2;
  grid-row: 2 / span 4;
}
<div class="container container8">
  <div class="item item-1">item-1</div>
  <div class="item item-2">item-2</div>
  <div class="item item-3">item-3</div>
</div>

justify-self/align-self

Grid item content is aligned with the grid lines

.container {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  display: grid;
  background-color: coral;
  margin: 10px;
}

.container .item {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  background-color: chocolate;
}
.container9 {
  width: 400px;
  height: 200px;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 25%);
  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 50%);
}
.container9 .item-1 {
  justify-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-2 {
  justify-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-3 {
  justify-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-4 {
  justify-self: stretch;
}
.container9 .item-5 {
  align-self: start;
}
.container9 .item-6 {
  align-self: end;
}
.container9 .item-7 {
  align-self: center;
}
.container9 .item-8 {
  align-self: stretch;
}
<div class="container container9">
  <div class="item item-1">item-1</div>
  <div class="item item-2">item-2</div>
  <div class="item item-3">item-3</div>
  <div class="item item-4">item-4</div>
  <div class="item item-5">item-5</div>
  <div class="item item-6">item-6</div>
  <div class="item item-7">item-7</div>
  <div class="item item-8">item-8</div>
</div>

The above is the full content of this article. I hope it will be helpful for everyone’s study. I also hope that everyone will support 123WORDPRESS.COM.

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