How to install MySQL under Linux (yum and source code compilation)

Here are two ways to install MySQL under Linux: yum installation and source code compilation installation.

1. Yum installation

(1) First check whether the MySQL that comes with centos is installed:

# yum list installed |grep mysql 
//If there is a pre-installed mysql, uninstall it# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64

(2) Download the yum repository from the MySQL official website: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/,

# yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
// Check if the yum repository is added successfully # yum repolist enabled |grep "mysql.*-community.*"

(3) When using the MySQL yum repository, the latest version is selected for installation by default. You can also select a version to install by manually editing the file. For example, to install MySQL version 5.6, set enabled=1 in mysql56-community and enabled=0 in mysql57-community.

# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

(4) Install MySQL

# yum install mysql-community-server

(5) Start the MySQL service

# service mysqld start

If the following output appears, MySQL is installed successfully:

Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

2. Compile and install MySQL from source code

(1) First install the packages required for source code compilation

# yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel

(2) Download and decompress the installation package

# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz
# tar xvf mysql-5.6.14.tar.gz

(3) Compile and install (compile parameters are determined according to actual conditions)

# cd mysql-5.6.14
# cmake .
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
# make && make install

(4) Configure MySQL

Set permissions:

# useradd mysql
# passwd mysql 
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

Initialize mysql:

# cd /usr/local/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

Note: There will be a my.cnf file in the /etc directory. You need to rename this file to another name, such as: /etc/my.cnf.bak. Otherwise, the file will interfere with the correct configuration of MySQL installed from source code and cause it to fail to start.

(5) Register as a service

# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
//Registration service# cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
//Use the default configuration file# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
//Set up startup# chkconfig mysql on

(6) Start the service

# service mysql start

3. mysql client

When you first enter the mysql client, this error usually occurs:

The solution is as follows:

(1) Add the following command to the /etc/my.cnf file:

(2) After restarting the MySQL service, enter the MySQL client and change the root user's password:

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password("PASSWORD") where user="root";
flush privileges;

(3) Comment out the command you just added and reset the password in the MySQL client:

//Set password strength and length> set global validate_password_policy=0;
> set global validate_password_length=1;
//Change password> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'PASSWORD';

(4) If you set the root user to have remote access, you also need to execute:

> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD' WITH GRANT OPTION;
> flush privileges;

Then you can create databases, tables, etc. through the mysql client.

Summarize

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